• Research article

    Utilization strategies through changes in physicochemical characteristics and maturity evaluation of livestock manure derived mixed anaerobic digestate by aerobic treatment in Republic of Korea

    국내 가축분뇨 유래 혼합 혐기소화액의 호기적 처리에 따른 이화학적 특성 변화 및 부숙도 평가를 통한 활용방안 연구

    Su-Chan Lee, Ji-Won Jung, Soo-Ryang Kim, Sun-Goo Hwang, Young-Man Yoon, Myung-Gyu Lee

    이수찬, 정지원, 김수량, 황선구, 윤영만, 이명규

    In this study, changes in physicochemical characteristics and maturity degree of anaerobic digestate were evaluated according to aeration volume and treatment period. … + READ MORE
    In this study, changes in physicochemical characteristics and maturity degree of anaerobic digestate were evaluated according to aeration volume and treatment period. Changes in physicochemical characteristics of the treatment A (1 L-air/min) showed pH (7.02→7.52), EC (29.93→22.12 mS/cm), ORP (200.10→164.30 mV), CODMn (661.98→629.43 mg/L), and BOD5 (264.90→6.31 mg/L), and TN (0.27→0.23%), P2O5 (0.004→0.002%), K2O (0.25→0.29%), TN+P2O5+K2O (0.52→0.51%), NH4-N (2,278.86→1,984.44 mg/L), NO3-N (142.42→120.86 mg/L), NaCl (0.43→0.41%), CaO (150.40→132.11 mg/L), B2O3 (25.54→ 13.01 mg/L) and Fe (42.89→29.42 mg/L). The treatment B (2 L-air/min) changes in these parameters were similar as well as A treatment. Results of evaluating the maturity level of Cont., A and B treatments using the mechanical maturity method and germination index method were all semi-mature and immature from day 0 to 7, and the germination index method was both “0”. Mechanical maturity of treatment A after 21 days (semi-mature → mature). In addition, after 14 days, treatment B was received as (semi-mature → mature), but in the case of the germination index method, all samples did not meet the 70 standard. - COLLAPSE
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    31 December 2023

  • Research article

    Quality assessment of anaerobic digestate and liquid fertilizer from anaerobic digestate by biogasification facilities in Republic of Korea

    국내 가축분뇨 유래 바이오가스시설의 혐기소화액 및 혐기소화액비의 품질 조사

    Su-Chan Lee, Ji-Won Jung, Soo-Ryang Kim, Sun-Goo Hwang, Young-Man Yoon, Myung-Gyu Lee

    이수찬, 정지원, 김수량, 황선구, 윤영만, 이명규

    Bio-gas production offers the dual benefit of livestock manure treatment and energy extraction. However, anaerobic digestate containing residual nutrients like nitrogen and … + READ MORE
    Bio-gas production offers the dual benefit of livestock manure treatment and energy extraction. However, anaerobic digestate containing residual nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus lacks defined legal standards posing potential environmental risks if improperly managed. Understanding its physical and chemical characteristics is crucial to prevent soil, water, and air pollution.This study assessed the quality of anaerobic digestates and liquid fertilizers from domestic biogas facilities. Anaerobic digestate had average values of pH 8.21, EC 48.68 mS/cm, NaCl 0.28%, moisture 96.99%, CODCr 20,973 mg/L, SCODCr 8,016 mg/L, T-N 0.53%, P2O5 0.13%, K2O 0.30%, and total NPK content of 0.95%. NH4-N was 3911 mg/L, NO3–N 228 mg/L. Trace elements As, Cd, and Hg were below detection limits; Pb 0.49 mg/kg, Cr 0.89 mg/kg, Cu 13.90 mg/kg, Ni 0.47 mg/kg, Zn 58.21 mg/kg, CaO 1,219.41 mg/kg, MgO 429.11 mg/kg, B2O3 56.76 mg/kg, MnO 11.18 mg/kg, Fe 255.41 mg/kg, Mo 8.56 mg/kg. Liquid fertilizer by anaerobic digestate had pH 8.69, EC 29.74 mS/cm, NaCl 0.23%, moisture 97.46%, CODCr 14,022 mg/L, SCODCr 5,710 mg/L, T-N 0.30%, P2O5 0.08%, K2O 0.27%, total NPK content 0.65%. NH4-N was 1923 mg/L, NO3–N 334 mg/L. Trace elements As, Cd, Hg, and Cr were below detection limits; Pb 0.23 mg/kg, Cr 0.76 mg/kg, Cu 9.79 mg/kg, Ni 0.41 mg/kg, Zn 51.78 mg/kg, CaO 693.73 mg/kg, MgO 268.18 mg/kg, B2O3 50.56 mg/kg, MnO 6.63 mg/kg, Fe 190.70 mg/kg, Mo 7.30 mg/kg. Maturity assessment using mechanical disruption indicated "immature or semi-mature" status for most samples. The germination index yielded a value of "0" for all samples. - COLLAPSE
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    31 December 2023

  • Research article

    Evaluation of milk lactose levels for early diagnosis of mastitis

    유방염의 조기 진단을 위한 유당 수치 평가

    Byeonghyeon Kim, Kyeong-Seok Kwon, Dong-Hwa Jang, Vandet Pann, Jong-Bok Kim

    김병현, 권경석, 장동화, 판반뎃, 김종복

    This study aimed to contribute to the early diagnosis of mastitis by conducting a time-series analysis using lactose levels. Mastitis is a … + READ MORE
    This study aimed to contribute to the early diagnosis of mastitis by conducting a time-series analysis using lactose levels. Mastitis is a disease that affects the health and productivity of dairy cows, making early detection and appropriate management essential. Therefore, we investigated the lactose levels during the mastitis occurrence process and found that they decreased in individuals with mastitis compared to healthy ones. The difference in lactose levels between normal individuals and those with mastitis was not affected by parity. Moreover, we observed a gradual decrease in lactose levels in mastitis-affected individuals from six months before the onset of the condition, providing potential clues for early detection. Considering the outcomes of this study, lactose levels could be regarded as a potential factor in second-generation smart farm research, utilizing artificial intelligence and big data technologies. However, further studies are needed to understand the complex relationship between various factors, including lactose indicators, intra-ruminal temperature, activity levels, ambient temperature, humidity, and heat stress index, using machine learning or deep learning approaches. - COLLAPSE
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    31 December 2023

  • Research article

    Evaluation of rearing conditions and energy load in broiler house using building energy simulation, part 1: model development and validation

    건물에너지시뮬레이션을 활용한 육계사 사육환경 및 에너지부하 평가, Part 1: 모델 개발 및 검증

    Young-Bae Choi, In-bok Lee

    최영배, 이인복

    Recent climate change trends have leaded thermal and cold stress concerns in commercial broiler houses, significantly impacting the animal welfare, productivity, and … + READ MORE
    Recent climate change trends have leaded thermal and cold stress concerns in commercial broiler houses, significantly impacting the animal welfare, productivity, and energy efficiency of broiler farming. Consequently, conducting an energy load analysis is integral to reducing energy consumption and ensuring optimal conditions for livestock. This study developed a Building Energy Simulation (BES) model, validated to predict the internal environment and energy demands in broiler houses. To validate the BES model, field experiments were conducted in a commercial broiler house for data collection of both internal and external environmental conditions. The precision of BES model was evaluated using the Coefficient of Variation of Root Mean Square Error (Cv (RMSE)) and Normalized Mean Bias Error (NMBE), resulting in a Cv (RMSE) of 2.82% for air temperature and 2.72% for absolute humidity, and NMBE values of 2.26% and -1.42%, respectively. These results demonstrate the high accuracy of model, aligning with building energy model standards. The BES model, implemented in the field experiment broiler house, predicted a heating load that peaked at approximately 1893.23 MJ/hr, while the cooling load was anticipated to maximize at about 1627.61 MJ/hr. The cumulative total of the heating and cooling energy loads was estimated to be around 3,303,895 MJ. Results indicate the developed model could potentially improve energy efficiency in broiler houses and assess energy loads under various conditions. - COLLAPSE
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    31 December 2023

  • Research article

    Evaluation of rearing conditions and energy load in broiler house using building energy simulation, part 2: model application across diverse climatic and structural scenarios

    건물에너지시뮬레이션을 활용한 육계사 사육환경 및 에너지부하 평가, Part 2: 지역 및 축사구조에 따른 모델 적용

    Young-Bae Choi, In-bok Lee

    최영배, 이인복

    With a significant portion of poultry production costs, efficient energy management is imperative for sustainable growth. This study evlauated the influence of … + READ MORE
    With a significant portion of poultry production costs, efficient energy management is imperative for sustainable growth. This study evlauated the influence of regional climate variations and structural configurations of broiler houses on their internal environments and energy demands using previously validated Building Energy Simulation (BES) model. The analysis indicated distinct thermal conditions within broiler houses, primarily driven by regional climate differences and building structures. The model effectively demonstrated the effects of various wall compositions and ventilation systems. The installation of ceiling structures in broiler houses showed a pronounced impact on maintaining appropriate rearing temperatures. Specifically, during winter, the mid-ceiling installations led to a temperature rise of up to 4.5°C, effectively reducing heating loads by 4.7% to 5.7% across various regions. In summer, activating ceiling fans in conjunction with mid-ceiling structures reduced cooling loads by 9.0% to 2.4%. These results underscore the importance of tailored building designs, ventilation systems, and energy-efficient practices for broiler houses in diverse climatic conditions. The study suggests that dynamic energy simulations could contribute to the development of more sustainable and climate-adaptive practices in broiler farming. - COLLAPSE
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    31 December 2023
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Journal Informaiton Journal of Animal Environmental Science Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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