축산시설환경학회지 · (사)한국축산환경학회

Research article

Effect of supplementation levels of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) as an interspecies direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) on methane production in a biochemical methane potential (BMP) test using an inoculum from anaerobic digestate adapted to food wastewater
음폐수 적응 혐기 소화액을 접종제로 이용한 BMP test에서 종간직접전자 전달체로서 Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)의 첨가 수준이 메탄 생산에 미치는 영향

Sang-Yoon Kim, Jae-Hyuk Lee, Hye-An Lee, Da-Hyun Choi, Gui-Seck Bae, Chang-Hyun Kim
김상윤, 이재혁, 이혜안, 최다현, 배귀석, 김창현

Recent studies have investigated the enhancement of anaerobic digestion (AD) efficiency through direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) using organic waste like food … + READ MORE

Recent studies have investigated the enhancement of anaerobic digestion (AD) efficiency through direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) using organic waste like food wastewater (FW). However, when FW is used as the sole substrate, its high organic loading rate may cause initial inhibitory reactions, reducing AD efficiency and limiting the DIET effect. This study examined the effect of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) supplementation levels, a DIET-promoting material, on AD performance in biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests where FW serves as the primary substrate. Anaerobic digestate adapted to FW is used as the inoculum. The BMP test included treatments with different supplementation levels of magnetite: 0 mM (control), 10 mM, 20 mM, 30 mM, 60 mM, 120 mM, and 150 mM, with AD conducted at 38°C over a period of 60 days. Methane potential (B_u) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates were higher in most treatments compared to the control, except for the 10 mM and 150 mM (p<0.05). The maximum methane production rate improved in the 10-60 mM treatments but declined in the 120 and 150 mM treatments compared to the control (p<0.05). Additionally, the time to reach the maximum methane production rate was extended in the 10-60 mM treatments compared to the control, while it was shortened in the 120 and 150 mM treatments. These findings suggest that AD efficiency in BMP test using FW as a substrate can be enhanced by supplementing magnetite at levels ranging from 20 to 60 mM. - COLLAPSE

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December 2024
Research article

Characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emissions from swine farm composting facilities
양돈장 퇴비화시설 유래 암모니아 및 황화수소 배출 특성

Youngduk Jo, Sang Rak Lee, Seongwoo Kim, Yongjun Choi
조영덕, 이상락, 김성우, 최용준

This study was conducted to investigate the emission characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide during the composting process in pig farms. This … + READ MORE

This study was conducted to investigate the emission characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide during the composting process in pig farms. This study was conducted by selecting four farms located in Chungbuk and Icheon. To analyze odor compounds emitted from composting facilities in pig farms, odor samples and solid samples were collected at various stages, including slurry, solid matter after solid-liquid separation, fermentation process, curing process, and storage process. The concentration of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were then analyzed at each stage. The results showed a significant reduction in ammonia and hydrogen sulfide levels after solid-liquid separation in all experimental farms (P<0.05). The concentration of ammonia measured after solid-liquid separation increased over time during the composting period in Farms A, B, and C (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant change in ammonia levels over the composting period in Farm D. Hydrogen sulfide was not detected in the samples from Farms B, C, and D after solid-liquid separation. However, in Farm A, the hydrogen sulfide concentration was measured at 6.3 g/m²/h after solid-liquid separation and tended to decrease as composting progressed (P=0.057). In Farm A, odor intensity decreased as composting advanced (P=0.023), while no significant differences in odor intensity were observed during the composting process in other farms. There was no significant correlation between ammonia and odor intensity, but a strong positive correlation was found between hydrogen sulfide and odor intensity (P<0.001). This study provides insights into the emission characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide during pig farm operations and the composting process, serving as foundational data for research aimed at odor reduction. - COLLAPSE

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December 2024
Research article

Characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emitted from swine farms during process of aerobically treatment liquid swine manure
양돈장 액비화시설 유래 암모니아 및 황화수소 배출 특성

Youngduk Jo, Sang Rak Lee, Seongwoo Kim, Yongjun Choi
조영덕, 이상락, 김성우, 최용준

This study was conducted to investigate the emission characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide during the process of aerobically treatment liquid swine … + READ MORE

This study was conducted to investigate the emission characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide during the process of aerobically treatment liquid swine manure in swine farms. This study was performed by selecting three farms located in Chungchungbuk-do, South Korea. To analyze odor compounds emitted from the process of aerobically treatment liquid swine manure in swine farms, odor samples and swine manure samples were collected at aerobically treatment stages, including slurry, solid matter after solid-liquid separation, aeration process, settling process, and storage process. The concentration of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were then analyzed at each stage. Overall, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and odor intensity did not show any significance during the process of aerobically treatment liquid swine manure. In Farm A, hydrogen sulfide (P=0.074) and odor intensity (P=0.053) linearly tend to decrease as the process of aerobically treatment liquid swine manure. Hydrogen sulfide was not detected in the samples from sample of Farms B and odor intensity showed that linearly tend to decrease as the process of aerobically treatment liquid swine manure (P=0.097). positive correlation was found between hydrogen sulfide and odor intensity (P<0.001). This study provides information into the emission characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide during the process of aerobically treatment liquid swine manure in swine farms, serving as foundational data for research aimed at odor reduction. - COLLAPSE

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December 2024
Research article

Evaluation for UV disinfection system in mechanically ventilated pig house using Computational Fluid Dynamics
전산유체역학을 이용한 강제환기식 돈사의 UV 살균 시스템 평가

Hyo-Hyeog Jeong, Young-Bae Choi, In-Bok Lee
정효혁, 최영배, 이인복

The spread of infectious diseases among domestic animals has become a major concern as livestock farming grows increasingly large-scale and high-density. Despite … + READ MORE

The spread of infectious diseases among domestic animals has become a major concern as livestock farming grows increasingly large-scale and high-density. Despite this, research on using UV disinfection systems in livestock environments remains limited. This study aims to apply a UV disinfection system to a mechanically ventilated pig house using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. A Discrete Ordinate (DO) model was used to analyze the radiation transfer, while a Discrete Phase Model (DPM) was employed to calculate the UV dose on individual particles. Results showed that an array of lamps aligned parallel to the airflow produced the highest dose distribution, effectively inactivating a wide range of viruses. Furthermore, a lamp power of 17 W achieved over 90% disinfection efficacy against common swine pathogens. This study provides insights into the optimal lamp arrangement and disinfection efficiency under various environmental conditions in livestock housing. - COLLAPSE

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December 2024
Research article

Effects of swine manure liquid fertilizer application on water quality and soil property in Jeju island
양돈분뇨 액비 활용이 제주지역의 수질과 토양특성에 미치는 영향

Jae-Woo Kim, Sang-Pyo Hong, Duck-Min Ha, Ki-Youn Kim, Han-Jong Ko, Doo-Hwan Kim
김재우, 홍상표, 하덕민, 김기연, 고한종, 김두환

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of swine manure liquid fertilizer is handled associating with the water and … + READ MORE

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of swine manure liquid fertilizer is handled associating with the water and soil contamination in Jeju island. Water quality and soil property were compared by dividing them into non agricultural normal area (Normal), swine manure liquid fertilizer applied area (Liquid) and chemical fertilizer used agricultural area (Chemical). The quality of groundwater appears to be the highest in Normal area, less higher in Liquid area and the lowest in Chemical area (p<0.01). The surface water quality were the highest as well in Normal area, less higher in Chemical area and the lowest in Liquid area (p<0.01). The nitric nitrogen level from the soil were fairly higher in Chemical area. Swine manure liquid fertilizer applied area showed half level of it. The levels of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) showed the highest in Liquid area but there was no significant difference from Normal area. Chemical fertilizer used agricultural area contained the lowest level of Cu and Zn (p<0.01). The present study demonstrates that using the swine manure liquid fertilizer is not the biggest cause of water pollution in Jeju island. Instead, it appears chemical fertilizer to be causing more pollution than using the swine manure liquid fertilizer, which calls us on the need of practical and detailed suggestions such as reducing the usage of chemical fertilizer or preparing alternative farming techniques. - COLLAPSE

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December 2024
Research article

Case study on satisfaction survey of the livestock environment education system
축산환경교육시스템 만족도 조사 사례 연구

Gab One Han, Hoon Ki Seong, Hak Jun Kim, Kyo Tae Kim
한갑원, 성훈기, 김학준, 김교태

This study aimed to identify the strengths and areas for improvement of the educational system by analyzing itemized satisfaction and importance in … + READ MORE

This study aimed to identify the strengths and areas for improvement of the educational system by analyzing itemized satisfaction and importance in 2022 and 2023. Based on the 2022 satisfaction survey results, a new course titled “Introduction to Livestock Environment” was established, focusing on basic education for beginners, including students and the general public new to livestock environments. This course simplified complex topics such as proper manure management (compost and liquid fertilizers), purification processes, and nutrient management. As a result, the course achieved 345 completions, 9.8% higher than the average of 314 completions across 14 online courses in 2023. Overall satisfaction with the education increased, as evidenced by a 4.5-point rise in academic persistence and a 3.6-point increase in recommendation intention. These results indicate that the course and system received positive evaluations from users. Furthermore, a 4.4-point rise in the intention to re-enroll highlights the annual development of engaging livestock environment education content. This content included updates on the latest regulations, livestock environment improvement technologies, and safety management for treatment facilities, effectively sustaining learners’ interest. The perception that the quality and content of education were useful to learners underscores this as a key indicator of the success of the online education program. Additionally, a modest 1.1-point increase in expectation alignment suggests that the feedback from the 2022 satisfaction survey was effectively incorporated into improvements. These enhancements gradually aligned the learning experience with the expectations of the target audience, demonstrating a positive trend. - COLLAPSE

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December 2024
Research article

Prediction of pollutant discharge loads from swine manure purification treatment facilities using nutrient reduction scenario analysis
양분삭감 시나리오 분석을 통한 양돈분뇨 정화처리시설의 오염배출부하량 예측

Ji-won Jung, Soo-Ryang Kim, Myung-Gyu Lee
정지원, 김수량, 이명규

This study aimed to calculate the pollution discharge load resulting from the transition of a 3,000-head pig farm’s manure treatment method from … + READ MORE

This study aimed to calculate the pollution discharge load resulting from the transition of a 3,000-head pig farm’s manure treatment method from resource recovery to purification treatment, following the Total Pollution Load Management Technology Guidelines, and to develop reduction measures. The results indicated that for the 3,000-head farm (with a total generation flow of 25.80 m³/day), the total pollution loads of BOD, T-N, and T-P were 327.00 kg/day, 75.00 kg/day, and 36.60 kg/day, respectively. Compared to resource recovery, the transition to purification treatment showed changes in point source conversion rates, non-point source reduction rates, and total pollution reduction rates as follows: in specific regions, BOD showed 3.08%, -46.44%, -43.36%, T-N 15.10%, -35.70%, -20.60%, and T-P 33.01%, -34.95%, -1.94%. In other regions, BOD showed 9.24%, -46.56%, -37.33%, T-N 31.46%, -38.27%, -6.80%, and T-P 82.52%, -37.38%, 45.15%. It was confirmed that purification treatment is more effective than resource recovery in reducing pollution discharge loads, except for T-P in other regions. To reduce T-P pollution discharge loads in other regions, adjusting the effluent quality standard sensitivity from T-P 100 mg/L to 40 mg/L resulted in a point source conversion rate of 33.01%, a non-point source reduction rate of -34.95%, and a total pollution reduction rate of -1.94%, indicating a decrease in pollution load. - COLLAPSE

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December 2024