• Research article

    Effect of filtered swine liquid manure on tomato production, soil chemical properties and gross revenue

    양돈 여과 액비 시용이 토마토의 생산과 토양 화학성, 조수익에 미치는 효과

    Deog-Bae Lee, Byoung-O Lee, Hyun Shik Choi

    이덕배, 이병오, 최현식

    Thirty-day-old tomato seedlings were transplanted on June 17, 2025, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer usage was calculated based on soil testing. … + READ MORE
    Thirty-day-old tomato seedlings were transplanted on June 17, 2025, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer usage was calculated based on soil testing. Based on the calculated fertilizer usage, treatments were administered: water N(20)- P2O5(20)-K2O(20) soluble compound fertilizer alone(WSCF), filtered swine liquid manure(FSLM)+Mono Ammonium Phosphate(MAP), and FSLM+MAP+compost tea. Fertilizer was applied once a week for a total of 13 times. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium contents in tomato plants were high in FSLM+MAP and FSLM+MAP+compost tea treatments compared to WSCF. Soil nutrient content before and after the experiment showed no difference in pH, while organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium contents and soil electrical conductivity decreased. Using FSLM reduced the amount of WSCF used per 10a by 13.66 kg, resulting in a savings of KRW 88,016 in fertilizer costs. Tomato yield per 10a increased by 17.4% in FSLM+MAP treatment compared to WSCF, and by 20.3% in FSLM+MAP+compost tea treatment with statistically significant difference. Gross revenue per 10a increased by KRW 2,822,000 in FSLM+MAP treatment compared to WCSF, and by KRW 3,293,000 in FSLM+MAP+compost tea treatment. Adding the fertilizer cost savings, FSLM+MAP treatment yielded a total profit of KRW 2,910,000 per 10a, and FSLM+MAP+compost tea treatment a total profit of KRW 3,381,016 per 10a. - COLLAPSE
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    30 April 2026

  • Research article

    Field evaluation of PPDA (Urea-Structural Analog) for ammonia mitigation in swine farms

    양돈 농가에서 PPDA(요소 구조 유사체) 투입에 따른 암모니아 저감 효과 및 현장 적용성 평가

    Hyemin Lee, Jisoo Wi, Okhwa Hwang, Hyunjong Kim, Junsu Park

    이혜민, 위지수, 황옥화, 김현종, 박준수

    This study evaluated the field applicability of a urea structural analogue (PPDA) as a pre-treatment agent for mitigating ammonia in commercial swine … + READ MORE
    This study evaluated the field applicability of a urea structural analogue (PPDA) as a pre-treatment agent for mitigating ammonia in commercial swine farms. PPDA was applied to slurry at two farms operating under different seasonal and management conditions: Farm A (winter) and Farm B (summer). In Farm A, the treatment group showed a 21% lower average ammonia concentration than the control (control: 64.32 ppm; treatment: 50.89 ppm), with an approximately 30% reduction observed after the first application. Normalized ammonia levels (C/C₀) also changed less in the treatment group (0.82-1.72) than in the control (1.57-3.23), indicating suppression of ammonia accumulation. In Farm B, the treatment group exhibited higher absolute ammonia concentrations; however, normalized real-time NH3 (Ct/C₀) showed a steeper decline after PPDA application, with regression slopes of -0.003614 for the treatment and -0.00059 for the control. This suggests a stronger relative reduction in ammonia following PPDA application despite higher initial concentrations. Odor-related compounds, including H2S and VFAs, did not show consistent changes, supporting the nitrogen-specific action of PPDA. Differences between farms were attributed to uncontrollable field factors such as ventilation rate, pit cleanliness, slurry retention time, and seasonal effects. Overall, PPDA showed mitigation potential under conditions where ventilation is limited and slurry accumulation is substantial, highlighting the importance of farm-specific operational variables when evaluating field performance. - COLLAPSE
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    30 April 2026

  • Research article

    Effect of peat moss on ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emissions from manure of Hanwoo and dairy cows

    피트모스가 한우 및 젖소 분뇨 유래 암모니아 및 황화수소 배출에 미치는 영향

    Jiho Shin, Hoyeon Kim, Yoojin Kang, Jinhyeon Lim, Seoyoon Jeong, Taeho Kim, Yongjun Choi

    신지호, 김호연, 강유진, 임진현, 정서윤, 김태호, 최용준

    This study investigated the effects of peat moss application on reducing ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions … + READ MORE
    This study investigated the effects of peat moss application on reducing ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions from Korean native cattle and dairy cow manure. Manure samples were collected before and after peat moss application from two Korean native cattle farms (Gimpo and Hwaseong) and three dairy farms (Pocheon, Yangju, and Yeoju) located in Gyeonggi province. All gas samples were collected within six hours of manure sampling using a flux chamber method, and concentrations of NH3, H2S, and odor intensity were measured using detection tubes and gas sensors. The results showed that NH3 and H2S concentrations were significantly decreased after peat moss treatment in both Korean native cattle and dairy cow manure (p < 0.05). For the combined dataset and in Korean native cattle manure alone, odor intensity in the peat moss treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p = 0.001). In dairy manure, odor intensity in the peat moss treatment group tended to be lower than that in the control group (p = 0.065). These findings demonstrate that peat moss effectively suppresses H2S emissions from Korean native cattle and dairy manure, and suggest its potential to reduce NH3 emissions and complex odors depending on manure characteristics and livestock species. - COLLAPSE
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    30 April 2026

  • Research article

    A study on derivation of meteorological data regression equation for prediction of livestock derived NH3
    Soonuk Yoon, Heonyong Yang, Byeongock Kim
    This study examined the causal relationship between environmental conditions and NH3 generation by installing NH3 sensors at 8 livestock farms … + READ MORE
    This study examined the causal relationship between environmental conditions and NH3 generation by installing NH3 sensors at 8 livestock farms in Eumseong-gun, Korea. NH3 and meteorological data were collected for 6 months (September 2021 to February 2022) through the livestock odor management system, and the amount of NH3 measured in real time and the temperature, humidity, and rainfall data measured at the same time through sensors in the field were pretreated in 30-minute increments. To identify the correlation between NH3 and environmental conditions, Pearson’s coefficient and Variance Inflation Factors (VIF) analysis were performed to derive a positive/negative linear relationship, and the time range was selected as 4 months from September 2021 to December 2021. In addition, one location was selected from each of the four farmhouses as a spatial range. The correlation between NH3, temperature, humidity, and rainfall showed a high Pearson’s coefficients ranging from -0.738 to 0.839. Monthly regression equations were derived through multiple regression analysis, and as a result of calculating R2 by substituting data from other months, it was found that it was not high below 0.65. - COLLAPSE
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    30 April 2026

  • Review article

    Flux chamber methods for quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from composting piles: Applicability, challenges, and future perspectives
    Abera Jabessa Fufa, Jinho Shin, Riuh Wardhani, Seongjun Park, Heekwon Ahn
    The increasing concern over greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from composting piles has underscored the need for accurate quantification methods. This review assesses … + READ MORE
    The increasing concern over greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from composting piles has underscored the need for accurate quantification methods. This review assesses the applicability of flux chamber techniques as reliable tools for measuring GHG emissions during composting. Flux chambers are widely used because of their practicality, cost-effectiveness, and straightforward design; however, their accuracy depends on several factors, including chamber dimensions, airflow rate, recovery efficiency, gas properties, and environmental conditions, such as moisture and temperature. Two main types (static and dynamic chambers) are discussed, along with their respective strengths and limitations. Reported studies show that flux chambers can achieve high accuracy, with recovery efficiencies of 97-100% when airflow rates are maintained between 2 and 5 L/min. Nevertheless, challenges remain in capturing spatial and temporal variability, which can lead to underestimations or overestimations. To address these issues, protocol standardization, calibration, and careful chamber placement are recommended in future studies. Emerging alternatives, such as passive diffusion flux chambers, may help overcome the limitations of traditional designs. Overall, the combination of flux chambers with complementary methods, such as micrometeorological or eddy covariance techniques, can enhance their reliability. These improvements can facilitate more accurate emission assessments and contribute to sustainable waste management and climate change mitigation strategies. - COLLAPSE
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    30 April 2026
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