Research article
Baxter, M.R., Schwaller, C., 1983. Space requirements for sows in confinement. In Farm Animal Housing and Welfare, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague, The Netherlands, 181-95.
Baxter, E.M., Moustsen, V.A., Boyle, L.A., Edwards, S.A., 2025. ‘End the cage age’: Review of technical issues associated with the replacement of farrowing crates for sows and proposals for harmonized legislation. Frontiers in Animal Science, 6, 1598647.
10.3389/fanim.2025.1598647Baxter, E.M., Lawrence, A.B., Edwards, S.A., 2011. Alternative farrowing systems: Design criteria for farrowing systems based on the biological needs of sows and piglets. Animal. 5(4), 580-600.
10.1017/S1751731110002272Boyle, L.A., Regan, D., Leonard, F.C., Lynch, P.B., Brophy, P., 2000. The effect of mats on the welfare of sows and piglets in the farrowing house. Animal Welfare, 9:39-48.
10.1017/S0962728600022235Cheon, S.N., Jeong, S.H., Yoo, G.Z., Lim, S.J., Kim, C.H., Jang, G.W., Jeon, J.H., 2022. Effect of alternative farrowing pens with temporary crating on the performance of lactating sows and their litters. Journal of Animal Science & Technology, 64(3), 574-587.
10.5187/jast.2022.e3635709104PMC9184708Goumon, S., Moustsen, V.A., Baxter, E.M., Edwards, S.A., et al., 2022. Review of temporary crating of farrowing and lactating sows. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9, 811810.
10.3389/fvets.2022.81181035372543PMC8969568Harris, M.J., Gonyou, H.W., 1998. Increasing available space in a farrowing crate does not facilitate postural cahnges or maternal responses in gilts. Applied Animal Behavior Science, 59, 285-296.
10.1016/S0168-1591(98)00142-7Kim, J.S., Yang, X., Pangeni, D., Baidoo, S.K., 2015. Relationship between backfat thickness of sows during late gestation and reproductive efficiency at different parities. Acta Agriculture Scandinavian Section A: Animal Science, 65, 1-8.
10.1080/09064702.2015.1045932Kim, D.H., Park, J.Y., Woo, J.H., 2003. Effects of gestation housing and parity on the farrowing performance and behaviour of sows during the pregnancy, farrowing and lactation. Journal of Animal Science & Technology, 45(6), 1067-1078.
10.5187/JAST.2003.45.6.1067Kim, J.H., Ogundare, W., Schinckel, A.P., Minor, R.C., Johnson, J.S., Casey, T.M., 2025. Sow and piglet behavior characterization using visual observation, sensor detection, and video recording. applied sciences, https://doi.org/10.3390/app15063018. 3390/app15063018.
10.3390/app15063018Lambertz, C., Petig, M., Elkmann, A., Gauly, M., 2015. Confinement of sows for different periods during lactation: effects on behaviour and lesions of sows and performance of piglets. Animal, 9(8), 1373-1378.
10.1017/S1751731115000889Lee, J.-Y., Jeon, J.-H., Park, K.-H., Song, J.-I., 2012. The effects of different farrowing space on lactating sow performances and growth performances of piglets. Journal of Animal Environmental Science, 18(3), 157-164.
Lou, Z., Hurnik, J.F., 1998. Peripartum sows in three farrowing crates: Posture patterns and behavioral activities. Applied Animal Behavior Science, 58, 77-86.
10.1016/S0168-1591(96)01144-6Lewis, N.J., Hurnik, J.F., 1985. The development of nursing behavior in swine. Applied Animal Behavior Science, 14, 225-232.
10.1016/0168-1591(85)90003-6MAFRA, 2012. Enriched animal welfare farm assurance program. Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.
Malak-Rawlikowska, A., Majewski, E., Potori, N., et al., 2024. Unlocking sows’ welfare: The farm-level economic impact of phasing out farrowing crates for sows in the European Union. Agriculture, 14(2), 187.
10.3390/agriculture14020187Park, J.W., Han, C.C., Kim, D.H., 2007. Effects of parity and farrowing date on behavior of nursing sows and their suckling piglets. Journal of Animal Environmental Science, 13(2), 89-96.
Park, T.-H., Ha, D.‐M., Kim, D.‐H., 2019. Effect of parity and lactation stage on behaviour of farrowing sows and suckling piglet. Annals Animal Resource Science, 30(4), 172-179.
10.12718/AARS.2019.30.4.172Petersen, H.V., Vestergaard, K. Jensen, P., 1989. Integration of piglets into social groups of free-ranging domestic pigs. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 23, 223-236.
10.1016/0168-1591(89)90113-5Puppe, B., Schon, P.C., Tuchscherer, A., Manteuffel, G., 2003. The influence of domestic piglets (Sus scrofa) age and test experience on the preference for the replayed maternal nursing vocalisation in a modified open-field test. Acta Ethologica, 5, 123-129.
10.1007/s10211-002-0071-4SAS, 2020. Statistical analysis system, Users guide: Statistics, university edition. SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA.
Trivers, R.L., 1974. Parent-offspring conflict. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 14, 249-264.
10.1093/icb/14.1.249Weary, D.M., Phillips, P.A., Pajor, E.A. Fraser, D., Thompson, B.K., 1998. Crushing of piglets by sows: effects of litter features, pen features and sow behaviour. Applied Animal Behavior Science, 61, 103-111.
10.1016/S0168-1591(98)00187-7Weber, R., Keli, N., Fehr, M., Horat, R., 2007. Piglet mortality on farms using farrowing systems with or without crates. Animal Welfare, 16, 277-279.
10.1017/S0962728600031511- Publisher :The Korean Society of Animal Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국축산환경학회
- Journal Title :Journal of Animal Environmental Science
- Journal Title(Ko) :축산시설환경학회지
- Volume : 27
- No :3
- Pages :152-159
- Received Date : 2025-11-09
- Revised Date : 2025-12-16
- Accepted Date : 2025-12-21
- DOI :https://doi.org/10.11109/JAES.2025.27.3.152


Journal of Animal Environmental Science




