All Issue

2025 Vol.27, Issue 3 Preview Page

Research article

Effects of odor management practices on MSY and odor emission in domestic swine farms

국내 양돈농가의 악취요인 관리가 모돈두당연간출하두수 및 악취발생에 미치는 영향

Sang-Cheol Lee1
,
Hyun-Sik Cheon1
,
Jae-Hyeong Shin2*
이 상철1
,
천 현식1
,
신 재형2*
1Vice President, Korea Livestock Economics Institute, 52 Donggwang-ro 12-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06588, Republic of Korea
2Director, Korea Livestock Economics Institute, 52 Donggwang-ro 12-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06588, Republic of Korea
Research Professor, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
1한국축산경제연구원 부원장
2한국축산경제연구원 부장
건국대학교 생명과학대 동물자원전공 학술연구교수
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2025. pp. 118-126
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

This study examined how the management of major odor-related factors in swine farms affects farm productivity, measured as marketed pigs per sow per year (MSY). A total of forty commercial farms across Korea were surveyed using a ten-item odor management index that covered four main areas, namely feeding management, housing and ventilation, cleanliness, and pit management. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were carried out to determine how each management factor was related to official MSY records. The overall odor management score showed a strong positive association with MSY (r=0.73, p<0.001). Among the individual indicators, barn ventilation, growth-stage feeding system, and slurry pit cleaning were found to have independent and significant effects on MSY (β=0.214, 0.187, and 0.176; all p≤0.01). To further explore these relationships, a field trial was conducted to assess how slurry storage duration influences ammonia concentration. Farms that removed slurry every three weeks maintained around 17% lower average ammonia levels than farms without removal, and the difference became more evident during the late fattening phase (days 44~60, p<0.05). Overall, the findings suggest that effective management of odor-related factors can directly enhance productivity in swine farms. Improving ventilation, applying precise feeding by growth stage, and maintaining regular pit cleaning can serve as practical and achievable measures for producers. These results provide valuable field-based evidence that may help guide future odor management practices and policy planning aimed at sustainable productivity improvement in the pig industry.

Keywords
Odor management
MSY
Ventilation
Ammonia
Slurry storage period
References
1

Choi, W., Kim, D.Y., Kim, K.Y., 2021. Correlation analysis between odorous compounds and dust emitted from swine house. Journal of Animal Environmental Science, 23(2), 81-84.

10.11109/JAES.2021.23.2.081
2

Colina, J.J., Lewis, A.J., Miller, P.S., 2000. A review of the ammonia issue and pork production. Nebraska Swine Report, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 108, 24-26.

3

Curtis, S.E., Anderson, C.R., Simon, J., Jensen, A.H., Day, D.L., Kelley, K.W., 1975. Effects of aerial ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and swine-house dust on rate of gain and respiratory-tract structure in swine. Journal of Animal Science, 41(3), 735-739.

10.2527/jas1975.413735x
4

Dalby, F.R., Hansen, M.J., Guldberg, L.B., Hafner, S.D., Feilberg, A., 2023. Simple management changes drastically reduce pig house methane emission in combined experimental and modeling study. Environmental Science & Technology, 57(9), 3990-4002.

10.1021/acs.est.2c0889136808979PMC9996816
5

De Jong, J.A., Card, K.N., DeRouchey, J.M., Baumgartner, M., Tomlinson, P.J., 2014. Effects of electrostatic particle ionization on air quality, emissions, and growth performance of pigs housed in a thermo-regulated facility. Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports, 10, 310-314.

10.4148/2378-5977.6888
6

Drummond, J.G., Curtis, S.E., Simon, J., Norton, H.W., 1980. Effects of aerial ammonia on growth and health of young pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 50(6), 1085-1091.

10.2527/jas1980.5061085x
7

Guarino, M., Fabbri, C., Navarotto, P., Valli, L., Moscatelli, G., Rossetti, M., Mazzotta, V., 2003. Ammonia, methane and nitrous oxide emissions and particulate matter concentrations in two different buildings for fattening pigs. In: Proceedings of International Symposium on Gaseous and Odor Emissions from Animal Production Facilities, Horsens, Denmark, 140-149.

8

Hamilton, T.D., Roe, J.M., Webster, A.J.F., 1996. Synergistic role of gaseous ammonia in etiology of Pasteurella multocida-induced atrophic rhinitis in swine. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 34(9), 2185-2190.

10.1128/jcm.34.9.2185-2190.19968862582PMC229214
9

Kim, K.Y., & Kim, J.K., 2025. Association between indoor air pollutants and pig productivity index by on-site application of air cleaner. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2500087.

10.5187/jast.2500087
10

Kim, K.Y., Ko, H.J., Kim, Y.S., Kim, C.N., Byeon, S.H., 2007. Monitoring of aerial pollutants emitted from swine houses in Korea. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 133(1-3), 445-453.

10.1007/s10661-006-9578-x
11

Kupper, T., Häni, C., Neftel, A., Kincaid, C., Bühler, M., Amon, B., VanderZaag, A., 2020. Ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from slurry storage - a review. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 300, 106963.

10.1016/j.agee.2020.106963
12

Lei, X.J., Lee, I.S., Kim, I.H., 2018. Effects of expanded diets and phase feeding programme on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 46(1), 984-989.

10.1080/09712119.2018.1448822
13

Malayer, J.R., Brandt, K.E., Green, M.L., Kelly, D.T., Sutton, A.L., Diekman, M.A., 1988. Influence of manure gases on the onset of puberty of replacement gilts. Animal Science, 46(2), 277-282.

10.1017/S0003356100042343
14

Michiels, A., Piepers, S., Ulens, T., Van Ransbeeck, N., Sacristán, R.D.P., Sierens, A., Maes, D., 2015. Impact of particulate matter and ammonia on average daily weight gain, mortality and lung lesions in pigs. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 121(1-2), 99-107.

10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.06.011
15

Stombaugh, D.P., Teague, H.S., Roller, W.L., 1969. Effects of atmospheric ammonia on the pig. Journal of Animal Science, 28(6), 844-847.

10.2527/jas1969.286844x
Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Animal Environmental Science & Technology
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국축산환경학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Animal Environmental Science
  • Journal Title(Ko) :축산시설환경학회지
  • Volume : 27
  • No :3
  • Pages :118-126
  • Received Date : 2025-10-21
  • Revised Date : 2025-11-15
  • Accepted Date : 2025-12-11
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.11109/JAES.2025.27.3.118
Journal Informaiton Journal of Animal Environmental Science Journal of Animal Environmental Science
Online Submission
Archives
: Vol. 1, 1995~
  • crossref crossmark
  • crossref cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close